The Privatization Of Fossil Fuel Reform - 2260 Words

For many years, the Government of Indonesia has attempted to scrap fossil fuel subsidies in Indonesia. However, to this point, these attempts have failed at the implementation stage. This essay will examine challenges of fossil fuel subsidy reform first by outlining the trials of fossil fuel reform efforts in Indonesia, including political and economic factors underpinning problems. It will then discuss the key challenges implementation of these policies entails. Many developing countries, including Indonesia, have subsidized fossil fuels for decades. This program was started to help the poor, keeping their cost of living low cost of living for the poor (The Economist 2014). However, because the people of Indonesia have enjoyed low prices for fossil fuel for more than 40 years, people are resistant to the idea of raising the fuel prices. Gus Dur’s cabinet decided to raise fossil fuel prices by more than 9 percent in October 2000, and it resulted in large-scale public protests (Beaton Lontoh 2010). It was a risky attempt, because the people of Indonesia had just passed through a devastating political transition period from the Soeharto era, as well as dealing with the adverse effects of the Asian monetary crisis during 1997-98. During this period street riots became a medium for the people to express their disagreement toward certain policies. People were frustrated, and interest groups took advantage of this phenomenon for their own political interests. To this dayShow MoreRelatedMicro Economics : Energy Industry1327 Words   |  6 PagesIndustry operates on disintegrating and obsolete market models. The Industry is discriminated by the gas industry that continues to line its pockets. Despite being urgent, climate policy remains controversial among decisions makers. Australian fossil fuels exports are stuck under the global forces threats (Simshauser and Whish-Wilson 2017). The main objective for reforming the industry remain precise: offer reliable, affordable as well as low-carbon energy services to both business and householdsRead MoreThe Soviet Union During The Cold War1702 Words   |  7 Pages In 1989, history in the West abruptly shifted course. The communist regimes in Eastern Europe fell, severing these nations’ ties to the Soviet Union and sparking unprecedented political and economic reforms. Two years later, the Soviet Union itself disintegrated. The Cold War ended along with it, a sharply defined historical era stretching back to 1914. The end of the Cold War renewed the commitment to democracy and capitalism in the West, accelerated the existing movement toward unification inRead MoreIndonesi A High Rate Of Political Risk2021 Words   |  9 PagesEconomic Structures Indonesia’s current economic issues include: infrastructure, religious intolerance, terrorism, improving the education system, decreasing corruption, decreasing unemployment, and lastly, implementing much needed economic and financial reform structures. Religious intolerance is a major concern in Indonesia. Religious freedom in Indonesia requires that politicians stop using Islamist fringe groups for their own ends. It also requires that the government extend official recognition beyondRead MoreInternational Monetary Fund ( Imf )3071 Words   |  13 Pagesin domestic finance; big and insistent fiscal scarcities; external or public debt at high level; inappropriately fixed exchange rates levels; armed battles or an unexpected as well as strong increase in price of basic commodities like food items or fuel and natural disasters. Some of the aspects may directly impact a trade account, dipping exports or growing imports of a country. Others can minimize availability of finance t owards transactions at global level, for instance, there may be loss on confidenceRead MoreThe People s Democratic Republic Of Algeria2289 Words   |  10 Pagesreasons. Although the country has not been affected by the Arab spring, the neighboring countries were deeply touched and the situation threatened the stability of Algeria. After this tumultuous period, in 2011, the government introduced some political reforms such as end to state-of-emergency restrictions on civil liberties that was put in place 19 years before. Today’s low performances and lacking infrastructure were partially a result of the government’s choice of a socialist model after the country’sRead MoreFinancial System of Kazakhstan4569 Words   |  19 Pagesvarious concepts of world economic thought on increase of a role of the finance, money and the credit in management of national economy. The financial sector of Kazakhstan is the largest financial sector in Central Asia. It possesses enormous fossil fuel reserves as well as minerals and metals. It also has considerable agricultural potential with its vast steppe lands accommodating both livestock and grain production, as well as developed space infrastructure, which took over all launches to theRead MoreA Brief Note On The Kingdom Of Morocco1945 Words   |  8 Pagesthis day. King Muhammad VI has faced many different issues during his rule, the two largest being terrorism and political reform. The Arab Spring events that took place in Egypt and Tunisia in 2011 did not go by the people of Morocco unnoticed. Thousands of Moroccan pro democracy protesters began rallying and peacefully demanding King Mohammad VI give up some of his power and reform the constitution to provide more civil liberties and clamp down on government corruption. To end the civil unrest KingRead MoreA Short History of Progress2404 Words   |  1 0 Pageslogging became scarce, and wars broke out for those sparse resources. In Sumer similar environmental destruction occurred (i.e. overgrazing, land clearing), which should alarm the world population of today of what may become of the high levels of fossil fuel consumption, greenhouse gas emissions, and land clearing, which can easily lead to the same outcomes experienced in Easter Island and Sumer. It is important to look at these fallen civilizations, examine what exactly happened, critique why the issueRead MoreJapan s Influence On Japan2395 Words   |  10 PagesTrade Representative, its largest imports from the United States include: Vehicles, Machinery, and Medical Equipment (United States Trade Representative). From other countries, its overall major imports from other countries include: raw materials, fossil fuel, and oil (Gateway to Japan). Its largest exports include: Vehicles, Vehicles Parts, Integrated Circuits, and Machinery (Observatory of Economic Complexity). Foreign Direct Investment Policy Japan has succeeded in attracting foreign investmentRead MoreThe Interacting Mechanisms of a Globalized World2367 Words   |  9 Pageswould come in with few skills and be exploited for cheap labor in factories with terrible working conditions. Eventually, many of these immigrants and their children started to speak out about these injustices and forced reform. This ushered in a progressive wave of pro-worker reforms like child-labor laws, and minimum wage. This era did not last long, due to globalization and the ability to find cheap, exploitable labor outside of the United States. This move away from progressivism ushered in the